Pienso que cuanta más intensidad queremos darle a aquello que queremos expresar, más mano nos echa la economía lingüística. Tal vez porque cuanto más rápido y austeramente expresemos algo, mejor y más intensamente hacemos que llegue a nuestro interlocutor. Si no fuera así, ¿cómo podríamos explicar estructuras como la que intentaré exponer en este artículo?
La gramática formal nos da pautas y reglas para expresar una amenaza, sin embargo son múltiples las maneras en que podremos amenazar a nuestro interlocutor. Pongamos un ejemplo, desde más formal a más coloquial y veremos cómo influye la economía lingüística en este caso.
Situación: Es la hora de comer y la madre llama repetidamente a su hijo que está jugando en la calle, pero éste hace oídos sordos. La madre ya un poco cansada decide usar el arma de la amenaza y le dice:
Como no entres en casa, te quedarás todo el fin de semana en casa encerrado.
Como no entres en casa, te vas a enterar.
Como no entres, vas a saber quién es tu madre.
Como no entres, ya verás.
Esta es la pauta más formal que nos da la gramática, es decir, usar una oración condicional, pero usando la conjunción “como” y no “si”, que es la básica de este tipo de estructuras. No es la única, pues de una manera más económica, la madre puede decirle:
No entres en casa, y te quedas sin postre.
Sin embargo ¿quién no ha escuchado mil veces en boca de nuestras madres, en nuestra más tierna edad, expresiones como?:
Entra en casa, que te…, que te…., que te….
Ciertamente estamos frente a una expresión coloquial, sin embargo de uso muy frecuente.
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